On the basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions : (i) "The Government of India, in the initial years of economic development, emphasized on a greater role of the public sector in the industrial development." Justify the statement, giving reasons in support of your answer. (ii) Outline and discuss the classification of industries into various categories as per Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956.

Question

Accepted Answer

Based on the passage about India's industrial policy:

(i) **Government's role in initial years:** The Government of India, in the initial years of economic development, emphasized on a greater role of the state in industrial development. This was reflected in the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1948 and 1956, which gave the government control over key industries.

(ii) **Industrial Policy Resolution of 1948:** This resolution emphasized the sole responsibility of the government in the matter of industrial development. It classified industries into four categories based on state control and ownership.

(iii) **Impact on industrial structure:** The government's emphasis on public sector led to the development of heavy industries, infrastructure, and capital goods sector, but also resulted in bureaucratic delays and inefficiency in some areas.