Class 12 Business Administration Notes · GSEB
Process of Planning
Process of Planning — walk through the eight sequential steps of planning, from objectives and premises to Operation Research and the Look and Leap principle. GSEB Class 12 Commerce notes with an interactive stepper and a step-by-step summary.
Last updated: 23 Oct 2026
Notes
The Eight-Step Planning Process
Notes — the process in three lines
- Planning is a map of the future, implemented stagewise.
- The first step is determination of objectives; the last is evaluation of the plan.
- Work step by step with “Look and Leap” — evaluate at every stage, then move.
Make a Prediction
Before any plan can be written, what must be decided first?
Step 1 - Determination of objectives
1/8
The first step in planning is setting the objectives. If objectives are determined in a proper manner, planning becomes useful to the management.Step 1 in focusObjectives should be pragmatic - realistic and intellectual.
TrapPlanning premises are assumptions and forecasts, not objectives - premises come after the objective is fixed.
RecallGive the definition of planning and explain its process - answer with the four pairs, then the eight steps.
Key Takeaways
- The last step of the planning process is verification or evaluation of the plan.
- Planning is a map of the future, drawn before action begins.
- Set objectives, then clarify the premises.
- Collect information, then build the alternatives.
- Evaluate the alternatives, then select the best.
- Prepare subsidiary plans, then evaluate the whole plan.
- At every stage: look, evaluate, then leap.
Exam Questions
Exam Questions
Answer in the marks band shown. Try before you reveal.
3 questions
1
What do you mean by determination of objectives?
2 marks2
What is subsidiary plan?
2 marks