Degrees of Price Elasticity

4.5 Degrees of Price Elasticity — Study the five types of price elasticity: perfectly elastic, perfectly inelastic, highly elastic, less elastic, and unitary elastic demand with schedules, graphs, and examples. CBSE Class 11 Microeconomics notes.

Notes

Degrees of Price Elasticity

Chapter 4: Elasticity of Demand — From Perfectly Elastic to Perfectly Inelastic

The Five Degrees of Price Elasticity

Click each card to explore the schedule, graph, and real-world example for each degree.

Samosa Stall Connection:Imagine a samosa at ₹15 — if the price changes even slightly and nobody buys it (perfectly elastic, Eₔ = ∞), or if changing the price has zero effect on sales (perfectly inelastic, Eₔ = 0), both are imaginary extremes. Real samosas fall somewhere in between — if a ₹3 discount doubles sales, demand is highly elastic (Eₔ > 1). If the same discount only increases sales by a few, demand is less elastic (Eₔ < 1). The five degrees make this spectrum precise.

Quick Recap — Comparison Table

Summary of the five degrees of price elasticity of demand
TypeValueDescriptionRule
Perfectly ElasticEₔ = ∞Infinite demand at same priceImaginary situation
Perfectly InelasticEₔ = 0Same demand at all pricesImaginary situation
Highly ElasticEₔ > 1% Δ in Demand > % Δ in PriceFlatter demand curve
Less ElasticEₔ < 1% Δ in Demand < % Δ in PriceSteeper demand curve
Unitary ElasticEₔ = 1% Δ in Demand = % Δ in PriceRectangular hyperbola

Slope vs Elasticity

Slope and Elasticity Are NOT the Same ThingIt is not possible to draw any inference about elasticity by merely looking at the slope of a curve.