What is meant by an operational plan? Briefly explain its elements.

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An operational plan is a system for achieving a smooth and coordinated flow of work within the factory, planning and controlling productive operations so that the final product is completed according to plans. Where the production plan aims at 'plan your work', the operations plan ensures 'work your plan'. Its elements are: (i) Routing - determining the exact route or path that a product or service follows from raw material to finished product; it establishes the exact route of each item, part or assembly. (ii) Scheduling - fixing the time, day and date for each operation to start and complete, and determining the time required for each operation; it sets starting and finishing dates for each assignment or work. (iii) Dispatching - initiating production according to the plan by issuing necessary orders, instructions and guidelines to give practical shape to the plan. (iv) Follow-Up - evaluating and appraising the work performed; it helps in detecting errors and defects, reviewing the situation regarding materials and work-in-progress, expediting lagging departments and removing production obstacles. (v) Inspection - comparing materials, products or performance with established standards; it helps set up laboratories or strategies to ensure the predetermined quality of products. (vi) Shipping - describes the flow of goods and services from production to consumers, beyond manufacturing.