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During reform period public investment in agriculture has:
Golden Revolution is concerned with:
More than __________ of farm produce gets wasted due to lack of storage.
The main objective of RRB (Regional Rural Bank) is to provide credit to
Which of the following agricultural inputs are used in organic farming? i. Bio fertilizer. ii. Neem pesticide. iii. Chemical insecticide. iv. Organic manure. v. High Yield Variety Seeds (HYVS).
The institutional source of credit whose area of operation is the one where banking facilities and cooperatives are absent and which operate at the district level is:
Which of the following is/are the problem(s) faced in cooperative marketing by farmers?
Which of the following is playing a major role in Micro credit needs?
Which entrepreneurial activity is taken by the women in rural households?
Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY) is meant for.
Rural banking today consists of:
The realisation of the nutritional value of _____ food is growing all over the world.
Milk production in the country increased by more than _____ between 1960 and 2009.
When did India adopt social banking and multi agency approach to meet rural credit needs?
The 'Golden Revolution' was a period of very high productivity in:
Growth rate of agriculture has __________ during reform period.
Total fish production accounts for % of GDP.
Which of the following is true about organic farming?
Name the state which proved to be a leader in production of organic cotton.
The sector providing alternate livelihood options to 70 million small and marginal farmers is:
Under which revolution, India emerged as the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world?
Name the state where Kudumshree was started.
Who was the first to suggest that cotton can be organically produced?
Which among the following is/are the key challenge(s) in rural development?
Which of the following is/are institutional sources of rural credit?
Where is M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation located?
Diversification of agricultural activities is important because.
Credit needs related to constructing fences and digging wells are fulfilled by:
In rural India, the proportion of people still living in abject poverty is:
The "Operation Flood" programme was successfully implemented from the year:
Which of the following is not a key issue in Rural Development?
Match the following: a. Green revolution — (i) Fruits production b. Yellow revolution — (ii) Milk production c. White revolution — (iii) Food grains production d. Golden revolution — (iv) Oilseeds production
'Hadaspar Mandi' is an alternative marketing channel operational in.
Which of the following statements is not true?
Match the following: 1. Rabi crop — Rice and maize 2. Kharif crop — Fruits and vegetables 3. Horticulture crop — Wheat and mustard
India has __________ million cattle.
Production of a diverse variety of crops rather than one specialised crop is called:
Government has assured the farmers of some minimum income from the sale of their crop by introducing:
Organic farming was first suggested in India in:
Which of the following is not a feature of Green Revolution?
Operation Flood is associated with:
NABARD stands for:
_____ is a women-oriented project to train the women about the latest agricultural techniques in Tamil Nadu.
SHG stands for:
NABARD was set up in _____ as an apex body to coordinate the activities of all institutions involved in the rural financing system.
Agricultural marketing is a process that involves functions of
_____ is a system of farming that maintains, enhances and restores the ecological balance.
_____ is an assurance to the farmers that a minimum price will be fixed by the government to purchase farmers produce?
Rural unemployment is also known as:
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) was set up in:
Landlords, moneylenders, traders and employers are sources of rural credit.
How Information Technology (IT) plays a crucial role in rural development?
What is the name given to rapid increase in production of milk during 1960-2002?
TANWA aimed at:
How many markets do we need to develop to realise full potential of rural markets?
Which of the following is an example of agro-processing industry?
When was NABARD set up?
Livestock sector alone provides alternate livelihood options to over 70 million small and marginal farmers including landless labourers.
Name the state which proved to be a leader in milk cooperatives.
Growth of rural economy depends primarily on infusion of _____ to realise higher productivity in agricultural and non-agricultural sectors.
State whether the following statement is true or false: "Self-Help Groups (SHGs) are an example of a microcredit organisation."
Moneylenders, traders, commission agents, landlords, relatives and friends are the examples of institutional sources.
The period between 1991-2003 is called 'Golden Revolution'.
______ are the institutional sources of agricultural credit.
______ is a production system that sustains the health of soil, ecosystem and people.
______ is the development, which aims to develop the present generation without affecting the quality of life of future generation.
______ is a continuous comprehensive socio economic process, attempting to improve all aspects of rural life.
______ is fixed by the government to safeguard the interest of farmers.
Microfinance is a credit scheme extended to the poor through ______.
National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development (NABARD) established in ______.
______ refers to a system in which marketing societies are formed by farmers to sell the output collectively and to take advantage of collective bargaining.
What is the full form of TANWA?
Credit provisions made by Self Help Groups (SHGs) to its different members is known as macro-credit programme.
Why do farmers need credit?
Point out any four concerns in Indian agriculture.
Why does a farmer need risk management and insurance?
Mention any two non-farm activities which should be developed in rural areas.
Why have Self Help Groups (SHGs) been set up?
What do you mean by diversification in agriculture?
Important change was brought about by Green Revolution in the rural credit system?
What is the current institutional structure of rural banking.
The major aim of designing multi-agency system of rural banking?
Why do people seek employment in non-farm sectors?
Mention any one advantage of Organic farming.
What is meant by organic farming? OR Define 'organic farming'.
Why is rural development important in India?
Define 'rural development'.
What is the purpose of SHGs coming up in the field of rural banking?
The growth of rural economy depends upon infusion of capital. Why?
Enumerate the various infrastructural facilities which should be developed in rural areas to ensure their development.
What are regulated markets?
India has adopted growing of diverse horticultural crops. Name some horticultural crops.
What do you understand by 'Operation Flood'?
What are the two aspects of diversification of activities?
What is 'SAGY'?
Give one benefit of organic farming.
Give the meaning of 'Golden Revolution'.
What is meant by agricultural marketing?
Why are farmers caught in a debt trap?
Why is the status of our fishermen lower than that of other backward sectors of our economy?
What is meant by agricultural credit?
What is contribution of marine and inland sources to total fish production?
Assertion (A): The dynamic sub-sectors like agro-processing industries, food processing industries, etc. have potential to create alternative employment opportunities. Reason (R): Men usually seek non-farm jobs, but recently, women have also started looking for such jobs.
Read the following statements carefully: Statement 1: The option for producing off-season crops are quite restricted in organic farming. Statement 2: Organic agriculture helps in substituting costlier agricultural inputs with locally produced organic inputs. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct option from the following:
Why is it important to develop proper storage facilities in rural areas?
How is cooperative marketing beneficial to individual farmers?
Why do farmers borrow?
How has horticulture encouraged Indian rural development?
Economists and scholars have identified certain key issues that are associated with rural development. Write the name of some key issues.
What is the role of NABARD in rural credit in India?
Give one difference between the conventional farming and organic farming.
Give an account of livestock in India.
Name the states which are major producers of marine products.
What do you understand by the term 'distress sale'?
Why has rural banking not been able to give adequate credit to farmers?
Explain the project 'TANWA'.
Globalisation of the economy has helped the farmers in marketing their produce and has helped in raising their standard of living. Do you agree?
Write a short note on 'Operation Flood'.
Discuss the problems of fishing community and give some suggestions.
What are the traditional and modern challenges related to rural development?
How kisan credit card caters to the credit needs of rural population?
Classify rural credit in different categories on the basis of time period.
To solve the various problems associated with rural credit, enumerate the objectives which should be followed by the cooperative credit societies.
What are the limitations of rural credit in India?
How have animal husbandry and fisheries emerged as an important source of diversification?
What is a multi-agency system? Why was it set up in India?
Why were alternate marketing channels set up?
State any three main drawbacks of rural banking.
It has been realised that agricultural finance is not available in sufficient quantity at right time and at reasonable rate of interest. As an agriculturist, suggest any two measures to make the existing system of agricultural finance serve fully the needs of agriculture effectively.
What do you mean by agricultural marketing?
How is agricultural diversification helpful for farmers? Explain.
Agricultural marketing refers to the farmers' act of bringing their produce to the market for sale! Is the statement correct?
Why have marketing cooperatives received a setback in recent years?
Why do you attach so much importance to agriculture in present Indian economy?
Write the role of multinational companies in rural development.
Give any three causes of backwardness of Indian agriculture.
Discuss three problems of animal husbandry in India.
How is every village 'A Knowledge Centre'? Explain.
What is rural development? What does it include?
What are 'micro-credit programmes'?
Briefly explain the role of buffer stocks in the context of agricultural marketing.
Explain why after the initiation of reforms, the growth rate of agriculture sector decelerated to about 3% per annum during 1991-2011.
Enlist some problems faced by farmers during the initial years of organic farming.
Mention some obstacles that hinder the mechanism of agricultural marketing.
Discuss how the use of Information Technology can help in rural development of India.
What are the chief features of regulated markets?
What do you know about the programme "Kudumbashree"?
Why is state intervention necessary to regulate the activities of private traders in the rural agricultural sector?
Why is rural development of tremendous importance for our country?
How are credit and marketing significant for the progress of agriculture?
Match the following: 1. Green revolution — Fruits production 2. Yellow revolution — Milk production 3. White revolution — Food grains production 4. Golden revolution — Oilseeds production
Is it possible to develop information technology as an alternate livelihood option? Give reasons.
Which are the areas that need fresh initiatives for development in India? OR What are the key issues in rural development?
How has Tamil Nadu Women in Agriculture (TANWA) encouraged women to participate in raising agricultural productivity?
Organic farming is a holistic way of life. Do you agree? Support your answer with arguments.
Explain different sources of credit in rural areas.
What are the alternative channels available for agricultural marketing? Give some examples.
Mention briefly the problems related to agricultural finance in India.
Give an account of how moneylenders kept the small and marginal farmers in a debt-trap at the time of independence.
Describe any four suggestions to improve agriculture marketing.
Bring out the importance of animal husbandry, fisheries and horticulture as a source of diversification.
Critically evaluate the role of the rural banking system in the process of rural development in India.
Identify the benefits and limitations of organic farming.
What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.
Analyse the recent source of rural credit which has emerged to fill the gap in the formal credit system.
Explain the role of micro-credit in meeting credit requirements of the poor.
Distinguish between 'Green Revolution' and 'Golden Revolution'.
Explain the benefits and limitations of organic farming.
Why is agricultural diversification essential for sustainable livelihoods?
It is stated that Indian agriculture is no longer a subsistence occupation'. State the value of statement highlighting the diversification of agriculture in India.
Explain the steps taken by the government in developing rural markets.
Discuss some of the institutional weaknesses in Indian agriculture.
Analyse the role played by the non-farm sector in providing sustainable livelihood in rural areas.
Why is it being considered necessary to replace the private moneylenders by institutional sources of credit?
State some measures to be taken relating to finance, so that the objective of rural development is achieved.
Define agricultural marketing. Outline the agricultural marketing system that existed before independence. Give any two measures of state intervention in this direction.
What is organic farming? Explain why should we adopt it?
Write a short note on NABARD.
'Information technology plays a very significant role in achieving sustainable development and food security' - comment.
Do you think various measures taken by the government to improve agricultural marketing are sufficient? Discuss.
Explain the role of non-farm employment in promoting rural diversification.
What is organic farming and how does it promote sustainable development?
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 1 to 4. The revolutionary, 'Billion-litre idea' and execution of the world's largest dairy-agricultural development programme, 'Operation Flood' transformed India from a nation with potential in the dairy industry to a nation with massive production of milk and dairy products. Operation Flood is the programme initiated by the National Dairy Development Board to speed up "the White Revolution." It created a national milk grid linking producers throughout India with consumers in over 700 towns and cities, reducing seasonal and regional price variations while ensuring that the producer gets a major share of the price, consumers pay, by cutting out middlemen. The bedrock of Operation Flood that made the White Revolution a success, was village milk producers' cooperatives, which procured milk and provided inputs and services, making mode management and technology available to members.
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 1 to 4. The government is planning to enhance welfare schemes for villagers by making sure that all eligible people in various database in different ministries get benefits. Officials said they have begun the process by looking at the Aadhar-based list of ration card holders and the rural development ministry's data on deprived household. "The convergence of data will help in mapping the eligible people in rural areas who are still not covered under Food Security Act that provides rice and wheat at subsidised prices. At the same time, it will bring a fair picture of rural households in the country which are deprived of basic amenities. This will also help government to reach out to people who are in need", said a food ministry official. The government has database of more than 800 million beneficiaries covered under Food Security Act. It has implemented 'one nation one ration card' scheme in 28 states and 8 union territories covering 686 million people where a person can get subsidised foodgrains from any ration shop irrespective of the State, Municipality or Panchayat where the person is registered.
Read the following text carefully: The Union Budget 2025-26 proposed a significant package for rural India allocating ₹1.88 lakh crore to drive comprehensive development. The budget emphasises on boosting employment, women employment, education and infrastructure in rural areas, reflecting the governments' commitment for a stronger, self-reliant rural economy. The extension of Jal-Jeevan Mission until 2028, with focus on achieving 100% rural water supply coverage and enhancing infrastructure maintenance. Broadband connectivity is set to expand under the Bharatnet project, providing internet access to all rural government secondary schools and primary health care centres.
Also, the budget highlights major rural schemes like the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana which has provided all-weather roads to rural areas. The Pradhan Mantri Grameen Awaas Yojana, which has delivered housing to economically weaker sections. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) continues to secure rural livelihoods with an allocation of ₹ 86,000 crore in FY 2024-25.
On the basis of the above text and common understanding, answer the following questions:
Explain how Bio-composting can be helpful in achieving the objectives of sustainable development.
Production of diverse varieties of crops rather than one specialized crop is called _________. (Choose the correct alternative to fill up the blank)
Critically evaluate the role of rural banking system in the process of rural development in India. "Dr. Khurana, a dentist, ran his clinic in an economically backward area. He was earning a comparatively low income. So, he decided to move to a city and spent a huge amount for the same." Identify and explain the type of expenditure incurred by Dr. Khurana, which directly contributed to the process of human capital formation.
Production of diverse varieties of crops rather than one specialized crop is called __________. (Choose the correct alternative to fill up the blank)
Explain the position of informal institutions as a source of credit in rural India. "Dr. Khurana, a dentist, ran his clinic in an economically backward area. He was earning a comparatively low income. So, he decided to move to a city and spent a huge amount for the same." Identify and explain the type of expenditure incurred by Dr. Khurana, which directly contributed to the process of human capital formation.
_____ is a process, which includes all the activities from sowing till sale of the final produce in the market. (Fill up the blank with correct alternative)
_____ have emerged as an important micro finance system and led to women empowerment. (Fill up the blank with correct alternative)
Which of the following was NOT the benefit accruing from ‘Golden Revolution’ ? (Choose the correct alternative)
“Recently the Government of India has taken numerous steps towards increasing the farmer’s income through agricultural diversification.” In light of the above statement, explain any two advantages of diversification in agriculture. “Active Government intervention is essential in education and health sectors in India.” Do you agree with the given statement ? Give reasons in support of your answer.
"The debate over farm subsidies in India is enraged at different platforms." Discuss any two arguments in favour of continuing farm subsidies.
"The debate over farm subsidies in India is enraged at different platforms." Discuss any two arguments against farm subsidies.
Micro credit programmes play a vital role in ensuring an overall development of the rural economy as they ___________. (Choose the correct alternative to fill up the blank) (i) provide financial support (ii) lead to women empowerment (iii) enhance the reach of formal credit system Alternatives :
___________ revolution was the harbinger of major changes in the credit system as it led to diversification of the portfolio of rural credit towards production-oriented lending. (Choose the correct alternative to fill up the blank)
Elaborate how a well-structured 'Agricultural Marketing System' helps the farmers to increase their income.
"A well-structured agricultural credit system is very essential for the rural sector." Do you agree with the given statement ? Justify your answer with a valid argument.
_________ markets were organised to protect the farmers from malpractices in mandis. (Choose the correct alternative to fill up the blank)
"Self-Help Groups provide stimulus for institutionalised lending, employment generation and women empowerment in the rural areas." Justify the given statement with valid explanation.
Read the following text carefully : Adoption of Village by Parliamentarians In October, 2014, the Government of India introduced a new scheme called Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY). Under this scheme, Members of India's Parliament need to identify and develop one village from their constituencies. To begin with, MPs can develop one village as a model village by 2016, and two more by 2019, covering over 2,500 villages in India. According to the scheme, the village can have a population of 3,000 – 5,000 in the plains and 1,000 – 3,000 in the hills and should not be the MP's own or their spouse's village. MPs are expected to facilitate a village development plan, motivate villagers to take up activities and build infrastructure in the areas of health, nutrition and education. On the basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions : (a) State and discuss, any two objectives which the Government of India wanted to achieve through 'Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY)'. (b) State the yardsticks for selecting villages under the SAGY Scheme.
__________ markets were organised to protect the farmers from malpractices in mandis. (Choose the correct alternative to fill up the blank)
Discuss any two problems being faced in the process of rural banking in India. Analyse and compare the nature of the workforce distribution in India as depicted in the diagram given below : Distribution of Employment by Region
______ is the apex institution which plans and evaluates policies related to rural credit needs.
(i) Define Agricultural diversification. (ii) State the meaning of organic farming. Discuss how does it help in promoting sustainable development. (i) Discuss the need for promoting women's education in India. (ii) Explain absorptive capacity of environment with example.
Identify which of the following alternatives indicate the incorrect components combination of Agriculture Marketing System :
Identify from the following alternatives the incorrect objectives of regulated agriculture market : (i) To make the marketing system efficient and effective for farmers to get best price of their products. (ii) To discourage improvement of marketing infrastructure for farmers. (iii) To prevent exploitation of farmers. (iv) To discourage farmers from improving quality and quantity of their produce. Alternatives :
State and elaborate whether the following statements are true or false, with valid arguments : (i) In the recent past, the Government of India has taken crucial steps, like Jan-Dhan Yojana, for efficient allocation of financial resources. (ii) Worker – population ratio is an indicator, used for analyzing the employment situation in a nation. (i) Elaborate the need to promote women’s education in India. (ii) Mention any two examples of diversification activities in the non-agro processing industries.
(a) State any two problems faced by farmers during the initial years of organic farming. (b) “In the current situation, Information Technology plays a vital role in achieving food security in a nation like India.” Justify the given statement.
(a) State any two advantages of micro-credit system of financing in rural areas of India. (b) "In the current situation, Information Technology plays a vital role in achieving food security in a nation like India." Justify the given statement.
(a) State any two advantages of micro-credit system in rural areas of India. (b) "In the current situation, Information Technology plays a vital role in achieving food security in a nation like India." Justify the given statement.
___________ farming is a system that is helpful in restoring, maintaining and enhancing the ecological balance. (Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank)
"Self-Help Groups provide stimulus to socio-economic development in rural areas." Justify the given statement with valid explanation. "The Government of India has taken various measures to align the agricultural marketing system with the growing production activities in the rural areas." Do you agree with the given statement ? Give any two valid reasons in support of your answer.
__________ farming is a system that is helpful in restoring, maintaining and enhancing the ecological balance. (Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank)
"Recently, the Government of India launched Jan-Dhan Yojana." In the light of the given statement, discuss briefly the objectives of this scheme. "The Government of India has taken various measures to align the agricultural marketing system with the growing production activities in the rural areas." Do you agree with the given statement ? Give any two valid reasons in support of your answer.
“Micro-credit programmes have helped to fill in the gaps in the formal credit system.” Justify the given statement. “Information Technology can play a crucial role in rural development.” Discuss briefly the given statement.
Which of the following is/are not an objective of regulated agricultural market ? (i) To discourage improvement of marketing infrastructure for farmers. (ii) To make marketing systems efficient and effective for farmers to get best price for their products. (iii) To discourage farmers to improve the quantity and quality of their produce. Alternatives :
Production of varied forms of crops against one specialised crop is called diversification of ___________. (Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank)
State and elaborate whether the following statements are true or false, with valid arguments : (i) Organic Farming has essentially become the need of the hour. (ii) In the recent past, the Government of India has taken crucial steps, like Jan-Dhan Yojana, for efficient allocation of financial resources. (i) Define worker population ratio and describe its usefulness. (ii) State the meaning of 'Disguised Unemployment'.
Production of varied forms of crops against one specialised crop is called diversification of ________. (Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank)
(i) "Every coin has two sides — debate over farm subsidies is one such classic example of the same." Justify the given statement with two arguments each in favour of and against the continuation of the farm subsidies. (ii) "Suez Canal was used as a highway between India and Britain." Justify the given statement with valid arguments. (i) "India's inward looking trade policy during the post independence period was well supported by various tariff and non-tariff barriers." Do you agree with the given statement ? Justify your answer with valid arguments. (ii) "Navratna policy has facilitated the maintenance, promotion and disinvestment of Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs)." Justify the given statement with valid explanation.
Production of varied forms of crops against one specialised crop is called diversification of __________. (Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank)
Which of the following is/are not an objective of regulated agricultural market ? (i) To discourage improvement of marketing infrastructure for farmers. (ii) To make marketing systems efficient and effective for farmers to get best price for their products. (iii) To discourage farmers to improve the quantity and quality of their produce.
State and elaborate whether the following statements are true or false, with valid arguments : (i) In the recent past, the Government of India has taken crucial steps, like Jan-Dhan Yojana, for efficient allocation of financial resources. (ii) Cooperatives play a vital role in the credit availability in rural India. (i) Define worker – population ratio and describe its usefulness. (ii) State the meaning of 'Disguised Unemployment'.
Identify, which of the following alternative indicates towards incorrect components combination of Agricultural Marketing System ?
______ farming is the system that restores, maintains and enhances the ecological balance. (Fill up the blank with correct alternative.)
"Farm subsidies put a huge burden on the government finances, but are necessary for the poor and marginal farmers." Justify the given statement. Discuss briefly the role of small-scale industries in the growth Journey of India.
(i) Discuss any two measures initiated by the government to improve Agricultural marketing in India. (ii) Elaborate the importance of credit in rural development. (i) 'India can transform itself knowledge-based economy by using information technology.' Justify the given statement. (ii) "It is necessary to generate employment in the formal sector rather than the informal sector." Justify the given statement with valid arguments.
______ farming is the system that restores, maintains and enhances the ecological balance. (Fill up the blanks with correct alternative.)
(i) Elaborate the importance of credit in rural development. (ii) 'India can transform itself knowledge-based economy by using information technology.' Justify the given statement. (i) "It is necessary to generate employment in the formal sector rather than the informal sector." Justify the given statement with valid arguments. (ii) Discuss any two measures initiated by the government to improve Agricultural marketing in India.
Study the following picture : (A pie chart of livestock, with segments labelled Sheeps and Goats, Pigs, Others, Poultry, and Cattle and Buffalos.) Identify the kind of activities, which may be envisaged under _______ as diversification activity. (Fill up the blank with correct alternative.) Alternatives : _______ farming is a system that is helpful in restoring, maintaining and enhancing the ecological balance. (Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank.) (A) Multi layered (B) Chemical (C) Organic (D) Conventional
The scheme of 'Micro Finance' is extended through _______ credit provision. (Fill up the blank with correct alternative.)
Study the following picture : (Pie chart showing shares of Cattle and Buffalos, Sheeps and Goats, Pigs, Poultry and Others.) Identify the kind of activities, which may be envisaged under ______ as diversification activity. (Fill up the blank with correct alternative.) Alternatives : For Visually Impaired Candidates : ______ farming is a system that is helpful in restoring, maintaining and enhancing the ecological balance. (Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank.) (A) Multi layered (B) Chemical (C) Organic (D) Conventional
The scheme of 'Micro Finance' is extended through ______ credit provision. (Fill up the blank with correct alternative.)
Study the following picture : (pie chart with segments labelled Sheeps and Goats, Pigs, Others, Cattle and Buffalos, and Poultry, each accompanied by an illustration of the animal) Identify the kind of activities, which may be envisaged under ______ as diversification activity. (Fill up the blank with correct alternative.) Alternatives : ______ farming is a system that is helpful in restoring, maintaining and enhancing the ecological balance. (Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank.) (A) Multi layered (B) Chemical (C) Organic (D) Conventional
"Cooperatives have received a setback during the recent past." Justify the given statement with valid explanation. Explain the reasons behind less number of regular salaried employees in rural areas as compared to urban areas.
(a) "Bio-pesticides help to reduce the ill-impacts of green revolution on soil and water bodies while promoting sustainable development." Justify the given statement with valid explanation. (b) Define Absorptive capacity.
Read the following text carefully : Agro-startups and rural enterprises are becoming increasingly vital for rural development in India. They address the critical challenges faced by rural sector in India. These ventures bring in technological innovations such as precision farming, IT-based monitoring system and data-driven decision making tools that enhance productivity and resource efficiency. By streamlining supply chains and creating direct market linkages, they ensure better pricing for farmers and reduce dependency on traditional intermediaries. Such enterprises contribute actively to employment generation in the rural areas. The government has demonstrated a continuous policy and financial support for agri-startups and entrepreneurs through various programs like RKVY-RAFTAAR, the Agri-infrastructure fund and Agri-SURE. On the basis of given text and common understanding, answer the following questions : (a) Explain, how agro-startups address the critical challenges faced by the agricultural sector. (b) Comment on the role of government in supporting agro-startups and entrepreneurs in India.
_____ of agriculture refers to production of crops for sale in the open market rather than for self consumption purpose.
Identify, the options that emphasize the role of information and technology. (i) Achieving sustainable development (ii) Attainment of food security (iii) Disseminates information regarding emerging technologies.
Agricultural marketing is a process that involves the _____ of agricultural commodities. (Choose the correct option to fill up the blank) (i) Privatisation (ii) Processing (iii) Assembling (iv) Grading
In recent years, all the adults are encouraged to open bank accounts as a part of a scheme known as _____. (Choose the correct option to fill up the blank)
In recent years, all the adults are encouraged to open bank accounts as a part of a scheme known as ____. (Choose the correct option to fill up the blank)
Agricultural marketing is a process that involves the ____ of agricultural commodities. (Choose the correct option to fill up the blank) (i) Privatisation (ii) Processing (iii) Assembling (iv) Grading
____ of agriculture refers to production of crops for sale in the open market rather than for self consumption purpose.
Identify, which of the following statements is incorrect about the Rural Banking system in India. (Choose the correct option)
Production of diverse varieties of crops rather than one specialized crop is known as diversification of __________. (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
Read the following statements carefully : Statement 1 : The Food Corporation of India maintains buffer stocks of wheat and rice as a measure to improve market mechanism. Statement 2 : Minimum Support Price (MSP) is imposed by the government to safeguard the interest of farmers. In the light of the given statements, choose the correct option from the following :
State and elaborate whether the following statements are true/false, with valid arguments : (a) In the Indian rural landscape, agricultural diversification has emerged as a solution for a lot of farmers' problems. (b) Informalisation of workforce in India, has increased various concerns on the front of employment generation among the youth of the country.
Production of diverse varieties of crops rather than one specialized crop is known as diversification of ___________. (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
State and elaborate whether the following statements are true/false, with valid arguments : (a) Organic farming offers a means to substitute costlier agricultural inputs with locally produced organic inputs. (b) Informalisation of workforce in India, has increased various concerns on the front of employment generation among the youth of the country.
Production of diverse varieties of crops, rather than one specialised crop, is known as diversification of ________. (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
Read the following statements carefully : Statement 1 : The purchase of food grains, made by the government on the Minimum Support Price (MSP), is maintained as buffer stock. Statement 2 : Minimum Support Price (MSP) safeguards the farmers against any sharp fall in farm product prices. In the light of the given statements, choose the correct option from the following :
Production of diverse varieties of crops, rather than one specialised crop, is known as diversification of __________. (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
State and elaborate, whether the following statements are true/false, with valid arguments : (a) Under the Golden Revolution there was tremendous growth in horticulture, making India the world leader in this field. (b) Small and marginal farmers are given preference in getting credit from non-institutional sources like Regional Rural Banks, Cooperative Banks, etc.
Study the following image and identify the measure adopted by the Government to improve agricultural marketing. (Choose the correct option)
White Revolution is associated with ___________. (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
"IT can play a critical role in achieving sustainable development and food security in the 21st century in the country." Justify the given statement with valid arguments. Explain the importance of credit availability in rural development.
Study the following image and identify the measure adopted by the Government to improve agricultural marketing. (Choose the correct option) Identify, which of the following measure is not adopted by the government to improve agricultural marketing. (A) Cooperative credit societies (B) Unregulated markets (C) Better transportation facilities (D) Dissemination of information
Prime beneficiary of the Minimum Support Price (MSP) fixed by the government is ____________. (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
Read the following text carefully : The National-Level Multi-State Cooperative Society recently approved by the Union Cabinet for promoting organic production and exports, will help the farmers to increase their income manifold. The arrangements for testing of land and selection of natural form of products will be set up in each district in the coming five years. Government has also decided to setup a cooperative society in all Panchayats, which will ensure that the Central Government's schemes reach the farmers. Wide use of urea has spoiled farm land, and lakhs of farmers have moved towards organic farming. To get better prices, there is a need for marketing and certification of such produce. Furthermore, steps must be taken to ensure that fake organic products do not hit the market. On the basis of given text and common understanding, answer the following questions : (a) Define organic farming. (b) State any two benefits of organic farming. (c) Explain the steps taken by the government to promote organic products.
Prime beneficiary of the Minimum Support Price (MSP) fixed by the government is ___________. (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
The institutional structure of rural banking today consists of a set of multi-agency institutions except the __________ . (Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank)
Read the following text carefully : The need for eco-friendly agriculture in India A major highlight of this year's budget was achieving green growth for a cleaner, greener Earth. Launched under the Green Growth Targets, the PM-PRANAM Scheme is designed as a programme for Restoration, Nourishment and Amelioration of the Earth. This scheme will incentivise the states and union territories to use alternative fertilisers. Furthermore, the budget also outlined that the Centre will assist the transition of one crore farmers to organic farming, reiterating the long term vision of eco-friendly agriculture. Emphasis on natural farming techniques and optional chemical usage has strong linkages with the green revolution that aided the large-scale usage of chemical fertilizers in India. Over the period of time, fertilizer runoff to water bodies and subsequent nutrient overload resulted in eutrophication, massive algal blooms in lakes and rivers and the formation of dead zones. These runoffs also pollute the groundwater resources in the long term. It also accelerates land degradation and desertification by destroying the natural soil properties. Thus, the rationale behind the government's move to include sustainable and natural farming techniques becomes clear. Organic farming will aid in reducing cumulative GHG emissions as chemical fertilizers account for over 77% of agricultural nitrogen oxide emissions in India. Hence, promoting agro-forestry initiatives will boost soil organic carbon and fertility. Trees will also serve as storehouses of sequestered carbon. On the basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions : (a) Explain any two problems associated with the usage of chemical fertilizers. (b) Discuss briefly the economic rationale behind the government's move to promote organic farming. (c) State the meaning of green growth.
Read the following statements : Assertion (A) and Reason (R), Choose the correct option from those given below : Assertion (A) : The notion of rural development encompasses a far wider spectrum than agricultural advancement. Reason (R) : Government interventions in the agricultural sector remain imperative, as it constitutes the primary means of sustanance for the rural population.
Read the following statements : Assertion (A) and Reason (R), Choose the correct option from those given below : Assertion (A) : The Government of India adopted the measure of regulation of markets to improve marketing conditions for agricultural products. Reason (R) : Regulation of market ensured transparent pricing, fair trade practices, and protection for farmers against exploitation in agricultural marketing.
Read the following statements — Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose the correct option from those given below : Assertion (A) : The dynamic sub-sectors like agro-processing industries, food processing industries, etc. have potential to create alternative employment opportunities. Reason (R) : Men usually seek non-farm jobs, but recently, women have also started looking for such jobs.
Growth of rural economy depends primarily on infusion of _________ to realise higher productivity in agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
Read the following text carefully : The Union Budget 2025-26 proposed a significant package for rural India allocating Rs. 1.88 lakh crore to drive comprehensive development. The budget emphasises on boosting employment, women employment, education and infrastructure in rural areas, reflecting the governments' commitment for a stronger, self-reliant rural economy. The extension of Jal-Jeevan Mission until 2028, with focus on achieving 100% rural water supply coverage and enhancing infrastructure maintenance. Broadband connectivity is set to expand under the Bharatnet project, providing internet access to all rural government secondary schools and primary health care centres. Also, the budget highlights major rural schemes like the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana which has provided all-weather roads to rural areas. The Pradhan Mantri Grameen Awaas Yojana, which has delivered housing to economically weaker sections. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) continues to secure rural livelihoods with an allocation of Rs. 86,000 crore in FY 2024-25. On the basis of the above text and common understanding, answer the following questions : (i) Explain the significance of rural development. (ii) Discuss any two policies initiated by government of India for rural development.
Growth of rural economy depends primarily on infusion of ________ to realise higher productivity in agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
Minimum Support Price is fixed by the Government to safeguard the interests of the ___________. (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
Read the following statements carefully : Statement I : Livestock provides alternative livelihood options to small and marginal farmers. Statement II : In rural areas, animal husbandry provides stable employment opportunities throughout the year. In the light of the given statements, choose the correct option from the following :
"Some economists argue that once a technology proves to be profitable and becomes widely adopted, subsidies should be gradually withdrawn." Defend or refute the given statement with valid arguments.
Identify the incorrect statement from the following.
Read the following statements carefully : Statement I : Diversification in agriculture relates to change in cropping pattern and shift in workforce to allied activities. Statement II : Agricultural marketing is a process that involves the assembling, storage, processing, transportation, packaging, grading and distribution of agro-products. In the light of the given statements, choose the correct option from the following :
In the rural areas, diversification towards new areas such as livestock, fisheries and other non-agricultural activities is necessary to __________. (i) Reduce the risk from agricultural sector (ii) Provide unsustainable livelihood options (iii) Provide supplementary employment (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
Self-Help Groups (SHGs) have emerged to fill the gap in the formal credit system as they ____________. (Choose the correct option to fill in the blank)
Read the following passage carefully : Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) aims at promoting organic farming, in turn resulting in improvement of soil health. It promotes Participatory Guarantee System - India (PGS - India), a simple certification system, where farmers and consumers participate directly in the process. The scheme proposes to cover additional 6,00,000 hectare area under organic farming till 2025 - 26. The objective is to produce agricultural products free from chemicals and pesticide residues by adopting eco-friendly, low-cost technologies. Key focus areas of Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) : - Promote natural resource based integrated and climate resilient sustainable farming systems that ensure maintenance and increase of soil fertility, natural resource conservation, on farm nutrients recycling and minimising dependence on external inputs. - Reduce farming costs and increase farmers' income through sustainable organic practices. - Chemical-free and nutritious food for human consumption. - Protect the environment by using low-cost, traditional and farmer-friendly technologies. - Help farmers become entrepreneurs through direct market linkages with local and national markets. On the basis of the above passage and common understanding, answer the following questions : (i) Define Organic Farming. Explain any two merits of organic farming. (ii) Explain any two thrust areas of Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) in organic farming.