Class 12 Economics Notes · GSEB
Migration — Meaning, Types, Causes, and Effects
Migration — Meaning, Types, Causes, and Effects — defines migration, separates internal from international and pull from push, and weighs the gains against the costs. GSEB Class 12 Commerce Economics notes with a migration flow map, a type matrix and a gains-and-costs pair.
Written by Sahil, Commerce Educator · Reviewed by the Study Simplify editorial team · Last updated: 30 Oct 2026
Notes
Migration — Meaning, Types, Causes, and Effects
Learn what migration means, the place-based and reason-based types, the economic, social, political and environmental causes, and the positive and negative effects. GSEB Class 12 Commerce Economics notes.